How the money usually flows
In many arrangements the owner funds a management or operating account for the vessel in advance, and the manager or captain spends from it on crew, provisions, fuel, berths, maintenance and repairs. Costs arise in many currencies and countries, often at short notice, and the owner expects a clear statement of where every payment went.
One budget per vessel
- Keep each vessel's money and records separate.
- Tag every transaction to the vessel and the budget line it belongs to.
- Attach the receipt at the time of payment, not weeks later.
- Produce a regular statement the owner can check against the budget.
Giving captains and crew a way to pay
Cards with limits, issued per vessel or per person, give captains flexibility while keeping the owner's money controlled. Virtual cards suit one-off supplier payments, and physical cards suit provisioning. Review spending as it happens.
Many currencies
Suppliers, ports and crew are paid in their own currencies. Holding balances in the currencies you use most, and converting at a clear rate, is usually cheaper than a bank wire each time.
Crew arrangements and tax
Crew may be employees or contractors, and the rules depend on the flag state, the contract and where the person lives. VAT and import treatment of yachts and supplies is also specialist. Use a professional adviser with maritime experience for both.
Common mistakes
- Mixing the funds of different vessels.
- Paying suppliers from personal accounts without a clear record.
- Missing receipts for cash purchases.
- Ignoring currency costs on frequent small payments.
- Using general insurance when the vessel needs marine cover.