Selling time and expertise
A consulting firm earns by billing time, projects or retainers. Revenue depends on how many hours are billable, at what rate, and how quickly clients pay. The finance work is mostly capturing time accurately, invoicing promptly and keeping collections on schedule.
Billing models
- Hourly or daily rates reward accurate time tracking.
- Fixed-price projects reward scoping well and managing change requests.
- Retainers give predictable income and are best billed in advance.
- Milestone billing spreads risk on longer projects.
Expenses and rebilling
Travel and project costs are paid up front and rebilled to the client. A card per client or project, with receipts attached when you pay, makes rebilling straightforward and reduces disputes. Agree in the contract what is rebillable and whether you add a handling fee.
Associates and subcontractors
Specialist associates are often contractors, sometimes abroad. Use written agreements that cover scope, rates, confidentiality and who owns the work, and check classification rules in the associate's country.
Getting paid on time
Invoice at the milestone or month end without delay, state terms on the proposal, and follow up on a schedule. Large clients may pay through procurement systems that need purchase order numbers on the invoice.
Common mistakes
- Under-recording time and giving work away.
- Forgetting to rebill expenses.
- Starting work without a signed agreement.
- Relying on one client for most revenue.
- Carrying no professional liability cover when clients require it.